A Few of the Reasons Why Babies Cry Hungry Gas on stomach needs to be burped Soiled diaper Diaper rash Thirsty Too hot Too cold Startled and frightened by a loud noise or strange sound ( dog barking, siren, door slam, etc.) When the baby wakes in a place other than where he went to sleep. Sick Over tired ... more
PSYCHOLOGY DEFINITIONS: Operant Conditioning Operant conditioning is so named because the subject 'operates' on the environment. An early theory of operant conditioning, proposed by Edward Thorndike, used the name instrumental learning because the response is 'instrumental' in obtaining the reward. (Both operant and classi... more
'Horse sense is the thing a horse has which keeps him from betting on people' -- W.C. Fields TTOUCH IN BRIEF: TTouch is a dynamic, yet gentle approach to working with behavioral and health problems in animals. Tellington TTouch is a gentle method of bodywork and movement exercises that positively influences behavior, perf... more
Classical conditioning (also Pavlovian conditioning or respondent conditioning) is a form of learning in which one stimulus, the conditioned stimulus or CS, comes to signal the occurrence of a second stimulus, the unconditioned stimulus or US. The US is usually a biologically significant stimulus such as food or pain that elicits a response from th... more
We have joined a growing community of therapists around the world who are collaborating with children and families in ways that allow all of us (therapists, children, and parents alike) to be lighthearted, humorous, and creative--and yet surprisingly effective in resolving many of the problems that we face today. In our view, the developments colle... more
Theories of Why We Sleep: Scientists have explored the question of why we sleep from many different angles. They have examined, for example, what happens when humans or other animals are deprived of sleep. In other studies, they have looked at sleep patterns in a variety of organisms to see if similarities or differences among species might ... more
EXTRA SENSORY PERCEPTION (ESP) AND MENTAL TELEPATHY EXTRA SENSORY PERCEPTION The induction of mental states from one mind to another In Greek tele mean "distant" and pathe means "experience"). This definition has remained more popular than the more-correct expression thought-transference. 1882 - ... more
Did you know? The auditory system of the fetus is fully functional about 20 weeks after conception. A child recognizes and prefers music he was exposed to in the womb. everyone can respond to music, no matter how ill or disabled. Aristotle described music as a force that purified the emotions. Adolescents may listen to mu... more
CHANGING YOUR PERSONAL APPEARANCE - There comes a point in anyone's life where she needs to change She wants to undergo metamorphosis. This is not easy to do when you do not know where to start. So in case you are one of those people who want to undergo an abrupt change in life, seek the advice of a fashion stylist. An image cons... more
Tips on Personal Appearance & Hygiene - Personal hygiene and appearance are the first things that people notice By David Arnold, eHow Contributor When meeting someone for the first time, the first impression you make will leave an imprint of your appearance to the other party. The way you look in terms of s... more
Mind control – television is mind control Refers to a process in which a group or individual "systematically uses unethically manipulative methods to persuade others to conform to the wishes of the manipulator(s), often to the detriment of the person being manipulated".[1] Also known as brainwashing, coer... more
Telepathy - The induction of mental states from one mind to another (From the Greek τηλε, tele meaning "distant" and πάθη, pathe meaning "affliction, experience"),[2] The term was coined in 1882 by the classical scholar Fred... more
The Sixth Sense - Extrasensory perception ESP involves reception of information not gained through the recognized physical senses but sensed with the mind. The term was coined by Sir Richard Burtonand adopted by Duke University psychologist J. B. Rhine to denote psychic abilities such astelepathy&nb... more
First steps to understanding the needs of a deaf person - Before anyone with normal hearing can start to support a deaf person, they need to understand precisely what problems the deaf person is having The trouble is, though, that our everyday language is woefully inadequate for the purpose. For example, people tend just to think that a... more
Senses - There is no firm agreement among neurologists as to the number of senses because of differing definitions of what constitutes a sense The physiological capacities within organisms that provide inputs for perception. The senses and their operation, classification, and theory are overlapping topics studied by a variety of fi... more
Braille music - Braille music is a Braille code that allows music to be notated using Braille cells so that music can be read by visually impaired musicians. The Braille music system was originally developed by Louis Braille Braille music uses the same six-position Braille cell as literary braille. However braille music assigns an en... more
Using Braille in Modern Technologies - Braille is a technique for enabling blind and visually-impaired people to read and write. Refined in the late 1800's by Louis Braille for blind people, it was originally developed by a French army captain to enable officers to read battle commands without the aid of candle light hence revealing your p... more
Vibratese - A method of communication through touch. It was developed by F. A. Geldard, 1957. It is a tactile system based on both practical considerations and on results from a set of controlled psychophysical experiments Vibratese was composed of 45 basic elements, the tactile equivalent of numerals and letters. The entire English a... more
Touch - as described in Anatomy and Physiology - The somatosensory system is a diverse sensory system comprising the receptors and processing centres to produce the sensory modalities such as touch, temperature, proprioception (body position), and nociception (pain) The sensory receptors cover the skin and epithelia, skeletal mus... more
Arochology versus Aromachology - Aromachology is all about smell while Arochology is all about touch Aromachology Sense of smell important. Understand the sense of smell. Smell or olfaction is a basic human sense. Smell is a "chemical" sense. Unlike taste, there are hundreds of olfactory receptors, eac... more
Aromatherapy and Aromachology - Aromachology and Aromatherapy both promote the positive effects of fragrance on mood and emotion but that may be where the similarity ends References in commercial writing often blur their distinctions leaving many readers confused. Aromachology is the scientific study of the effects of fragrance on human... more
Aromachology and Arochology - Aromachology was first described by the Sense Smell Institute, a division of Fragrance Foundation about 20 years ago, a non-profit organization involved in research programs for the international fragrance industry. Arochology is divided into many fields of study. We will discuss them one by one. The field ... more
AROMACHOLOGY Aromachology and Aromatherapy - Do you know the difference? A simple definition; aromachology is the study of aromas. However, it doesn’t just stop there because the study tries to find out the benefits of pleasant smells to man. A more accurate, acceptable and encompassing definition is therefore needed. Thus Aromachol... more
AROMATHERAPY - Aromatherapy's benefits occur as the oils are absorbed through the skin and the inhaled scent reaches the brain Never apply undiluted oils to the skin as they are likely to cause irritation. If you have sensitive skin, apply a little diluted oil and leave overnight to determine if it's safe to use. Essential oils should ... more
Acupressure - In acupressure physical pressure is applied to acupuncture points by the hand, elbow, or with various devices Acupressure (a blend of "acupuncture" and "pressure") is a complementary medicine technique derived from acupuncture. Traditional Chinese medicine's (TCM) acupuncture theory pre... more
Reflexology - Reflexology (zone therapy) is an alternative medicine, complementary, or integrated medicine method of treatment involving the physical act of applying pressure to the feet and hand with specific thumb, finger and hand techniques without the use of oil or lotion It is based on a system of zones and reflex areas that reflec... more
Acupuncture - The procedure of inserting and manipulating needles into various points on the body to relieve pain or for therapeutic purposes The earliest written record of acupuncture is the Chinese text Shiji (史記, English: Records of the Grand Historian) with elaboration of its history in the second centur... more
Breastfeeding - The feeding of an infant or young child with breast milk directly from female human breasts (i.e., via lactation rather than from a baby bottle or other container Babies have a sucking reflex that enables them to suck and swallow milk. Most mothers can breastfeed for six months or more, without the addition of infant formul... more
HYPNOSIS - "Hypnosis is a transitory state of altered attention in the subject, a state that can be brought about by another person and in which varied phenomena can appear spontaneously or in response to oral or other stimuli. NOTE: This is the definition provided by the British Medical Association NOTE: YOU ARE WARNED THAT ... more
CREATIVE PLAY - Besides enjoying themselves children learn through play. It helps to improve coordination and encourages them to use their imagination There is tremendous satisfaction in being creative, whether it is in concocting a successful meal or writing a poem, but to do this we need confidence in our own judgement. We are m... more
MASSAGE - Pressure makes us tense and tension can cause illness and pain. Massage helps to break the circle of stress by relaxing taut muscles and stimulating the systems of the body to work efficiently One technique used in Swedish massage is electrical vibration: it is designed to stimulate a sluggish system, tone slack muscles and en... more
MALE MENOPAUSE - When a man's behaviour alters considerably in middle age, this is often referred to as the ‘male menopause'. But anxiety about growing older is the usual cause - not any hormonal changes - and reassurance is all that is needed Q All of a sudden my 50-year-old husband has lost interest in sex. Is this the male... more
DRUG DEPENDENCY - Many drugs, including everyday ones such as nicotine and alcohol, have the potential to be misused. Dependency - or addiction - is widespread and can have profound effects on health and well-being Drug dependency happens when someone takes a drug regularly or to excess, Eventually, the user has to take the drug continuou... more
DIFFICULTY SLEEPING - There are many reasons why you might have trouble sleeping. Some may be minor, while others may require medical treatment. Use this chart if you often lie awake at night, wake at odd hours or if you feel tired in the morning Do you find it difficult to get to sleep? ... more
Massage is drugless stress control. To the executive it means quick energy boosts and a way to cut through fatigue, to the athlete it offers sensational muscle recovery rates after exercise, to the insomniac it brings peace, and to the lover, a new way of touching. It can also provide a simple but amazingly effective facial. Taken regularly, m... more
CHILDHOOD PSYCHOPATHOLOGY THE NATURE OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY METHODS OF EVALUATION AND INTERVENTION PROLOGUE Martin, a nine year old caucasian boy, was referred for psychological evaluation because of his poor performance in school, surly and hostile behavior in school and at home, several recent thefts, frequent lying, bed... more
For a long moment, Frank stood immobile in front of the door. Finally, he took a deep breath and rang the doorbell. Although it took her less than 30 seconds to open the door, it seemed like 5 minutes to Frank, during which he recalled the worst of the fantasies he had imagined since agreeing to this blind date. She was going to be crashingly d... more
We are all familiar with pain. Naturally it's something we want to avoid. But pain does have a positive role - it warns us when we're in danger, sick or injured so that we can take evasive action or seek medical help. Our ability to feel pain is part of the way we interact with the workings of our bodies and interact with the outside worl... more
How You Can Use It to Control Stress Stress is created when the exhaust gasses, toxins, and wastes produced by combustion remain within the cell. Deep within the body chemical concentrations that trigger stress must be released from the cells before real relaxation is possible. When stress is viewed as a chemical phenomenon rather than ... more
LOOK BETTER, FEEL BETTER, SLEEP BETTER. Four-Minute Insurance from Wrinkles and Worry Lines Three essential strokes One minute each, fifty repetitions Pressing the forehead Rotating on the temples Fingertip kneading the face Inside the Face We have seen how stressed muscles are stretched tight, then pumped up with adrena... more
Our backs are complex structures which are involved in virtually every move we make, so it's hardly surprising that back pain is so common. In fact, doctors see more patients for back pain than any other ailment. Eight out of ten of us will suffer from pain or aching in the back at some time in our lives. Lower back pain is most fr... more
We all feel fed up and miserable from time to time. But depression is more than just a feeling of unhappiness. It's a major health disorder that causes untold suffering to millions of people. We expect to feel sad if someone close to us is ill or dies, we lose our job, or a relationship flounders. Any event that involves loss or d... more
Keep a crystal near to hand and, it is claimed, you'll enhance your general well-being. Crystal healers may use up to 50 different types of crystals to treat different conditions. Your own personal crystal is thought to help keep your natural energy forces in balance, thus maintaining good health. Crystals ... more
The acupuncturist corrects an imbalance in the body's energy flow, or Chi, by inserting needles at specific points. This woman is being treated for hay fever. A traditional Chinese acupuncture chart shows meridians, or channels of the body's energy flow, and pressure points. The bust below shows the meridians on the head and sh... more
Can cancer be inherited? Cancer isn't passed on in the same way as, say, blue eyes or blonde hair. (One such cancer is a rare eye cancer called retinoblastoma.) However, certain cancers, such as breast, bowel and ovarian cancers, do cluster in some families, and may be caused by a single gene. Others may have inherited pre-cancerous condi... more
Three essential strokes One minute each, fifty repetitions Mixed percussion Fast friction Walking the back The Coffee Break Vs. the Massage Break If your partner has been depending on stimulants for a pickup during the day, massage will open up a new world of possibilities. The following strokes are ideal for hardw... more
Although they are by far the most common of multiple births, twins still excite a great deal of wonder from parents and outsiders alike. What are the special problems of twinship and how should they be dealt with? Q What is the difference between identical and nonidentical twins? A On a biological level, identical twins are th... more
Is there a link between physical characteristics and temperament? A morose fat man? A jolly scarecrow? These combinations probably seem implausible because we tend to categorize people according to their physique. But is there really a link between physical characteristics and temperament? Q I have suffered from migraine all my life. ... more
This painful muscle condition deserves its graphic name but it can be brought on by such mundane activities as carrying suitcases or wringing out the washing. Q If I had tennis elbow, how would I recognize it? A You would have a dull ache around the elbow area and upper side of the forearm, with a particular tender spot on, or near ... more
The beauty care we give the face and scalp helps to keep the skin clear and the hair healthy, but we need to supplement this by exercising facial and scalp muscles. We exercise our facial muscles almost every waking moment of the day, but this exercise is not necessarily the most beneficial. Just as movements of the body muscles can result ... more
Some people have difficulty in sleeping soundly, and one of the hypnotic drugs can give them a good night's rest. But it must be prescribed and taken with care. Q Is there a danger in mixing my sleeping pills with a nighttime alcoholic drink? A Yes. The effects of alcohol add to the effects of all hypnotic drugs and therefore to... more
A well-balanced diet will in almost all instances, rule out the need for dietary supplements. Before you stock up on dietary supplements, stop to consider whether you could get similar benefits more cheaply by improving your diet. Under normal circumstances, a wellbalanced Western diet contains all th... more
The power of one mind to communicate directly with another without the aid of the five senses. Scientific proof for the existence of such powers is, however, difficult to obtain. Q I have heard people talk about ESP. What exactly does it stand for? A ESP stands for extrasensory perception - that is, knowledge which is acquired by means othe... more
We all know of people who are allergic to something. but the term total allergy syndrome has recently been coined to describe an allergic response to 'everything'. Does this condition really exist or is it a misnomer? Q Is total allergy syndrome a condition that appears suddenly, or does it develop over a period of time? A People with ex... more
Touch is so fundamental to life that most of us never think of how the many sensations we feel are produced: how, for instance, we can tell silk from sandpaper, or recognize an object simply by the way it feels on the skin. Q Why do babies touch everything around them as well as looking at them? A As babies we train our brains to be able to ... more
As an insidious component of modern life, tension C2:1 occur during even the most mundane everyday aCriYlnE'S. Prolonged tension can lead to stress, that all too potent cause of serious physical and mental illness. Q Is tension always a destructive fo rce? A Not at ai' I ~ 'ei'v a construct. '"u-"ulating resoureefui~""" e~c ~.8ntiveness,... more
Without love, care and affection the world would be a miserable place to live in. Tenderness expressed between people is not only a pleasure to give and receive but also satisfies a deep and fundamental human need. Q My husband has just become unemployed. He is very edgy. How can I help? A The uncertainty of unemployment is hard for anyone t... more
Experience hot flushes during the change of life. Many suffer in silence, thinking there is little that can be done for them, but in fact medical help is available to help them cope with the problem. Q I am 51 years old and still have my periods regularly every month. I have been having hot flushes for about four months. Is this the change of li... more
TO a number of people at the same time. But can it ever replace individual treatment? Q Is group therapy ever harmful? A In the early days of group therapy when there were few properly trained group organizers, some people were psychologically harmed by it and this affected its image. But now that there are professional facilitator... more
Back | Back to top |